His reconciliation

خطب الحسن بن علي × بعد وفاة أبيه, فحمد الله وأثنى عليه ثم قال: أما والله, ما ثنانا عن قتال أهل الشام ذلة ولا قلة, ولكن كنا نقاتلهم بالسلامة والصبر, فشيب السلامة بالعداوة, والصبر بالجزع, وكنتم تتوجهون معنا ودينكم أمام دنياكم, وقد أصبحتم الآن ودنياكم أمام دينكم, وكنا لكم وكنتم لنا, وقد صرتم اليوم علينا, ثم أصبحتم تصدون قتيلين, قتيلا بصفين تبكون عليهم, وقتيلا بالنهروان تطلبون بثأرهم, فأما الباكي فخاذل, وأما الطالب فثائر, وإن معاوية قد دعا إلى أمر ليس فيه عز ولا نصفة, فإن أردتم الحياة قبلناه منه وأغضضنا على القذى, وإن أردتم الموت بذلناه في ذات الله وحاكمناه إلى الله,‏ فنادى القوم بأجمعهم بل البقية والحياة. [1]

Al-Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) delivered a sermon after the death of his father. He praised Allah and said: "By Allah, it was neither humiliation nor lack of strength that prevented us from fighting the people of Sham. Rather, we fought them with integrity and patience. But integrity has now been marred by enmity, and patience by anxiety. You used to join us, putting your religion before your worldly interests, but now you put your worldly interests before your religion. We were united, and you were with us, but today you are against us. You now mourn two types of dead: those from Siffin, for whom you weep, and those from Nahrawan, for whom you seek vengeance. The weepers are deserters, and the avengers are rebels. Muawiyah has called for something that brings neither honor nor justice. If you desire life, we will accept it from him and endure the discomfort. If you desire death, we will offer it for the sake of Allah and leave the judgment to Allah." The people then collectively shouted, "We want life and preservation."

Al-Tashrif Bel Minan P.361

 

روى الصدوق في علل الشرائع: أن معاوية دس إلى عمر بن حريث, والأشعث, وإلى حجر بن الحارث, وشبث بن ربعي, دسيسا أفرد كل واحد منهم بعين من عيونه، أنك إن قتلت الحسن بن علي × فلك مائتا ألف درهم, وجند من أجناد الشام, وبنت من بناتي, فبلغ الحسن × فاستلأم ولبس درعا وكفرها، وكان يحترز ولا يتقدم للصلاة بهم إلا كذلك, فرماه أحدهم في الصلاة بسهم فلم يثبت فيه, لما عليه من اللأمة، فلما صار في مظلم ساباط ضربه أحدهم بخنجر مسموم، فعمل فيه الخنجر, ... فقال الحسن ×: ويلكم, والله إن معاوية لا يفي لأحد منكم بما ضمنه في قتلي، وإني أظن أني إن وصفت يدي في يده فأسالمه لم يتركني أدين لدين جدي |, وأني أقدر ان أعبد الله عز وجل وحدي، ولكني كأني أنظر إلى أبنائكم واقفين على أبواب أبنائهم، يستسقونهم ويستطعمونهم، لما جعله الله لهم فلا يسقون ولا يطعمون، فبعدا وسحقا لما كسبته أيديهم، وسيعلم الذين ظلموا أي منقلب ينقلبون}, فجعلوا يعتذرون بما لا عذر لهم فيه, فكتب الحسن من فوره ذلك إلى معاوية: أما بعد, فإن خطبي انتهى إلى اليأس من حق أحييه وباطل أميته, وخطبك خطب من انتهى إلى مراده, وإنني أعتزل هذا الأمر وأخليه لك, وإن كان تخليتي إياه شرا لك في معادك, ولي شروط أشترطها, لا تبهظنك إن وفيت لي بها بعهد, ولا تخف إن غدرت, وكتب الشروط في كتاب آخر فيه يمنيه بالوفاء, وترك الغدر, وستندم يا معاوية كما ندم غيرك ممن نهض في الباطل, أو قعد عن الحق حين لم ينفع الندم, والسلام. [2]

Al-Ṣadūq narrated in his book "ʿIlal al-Sharā'iʿ" that Muawiyah secretly approached ʿAmr ibn Harith, al-Ashʿath, Ḥujr ibn al-Ḥārith, and Shabath ibn Ribʿī, each with a separate messenger, promising them: "If you kill Al-Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh), you will receive two hundred thousand dirhams, a rank in the Sham army, and one of my daughters in marriage." When this plot reached Al-Hasan (pbuh), he armed himself and wore protective armor, taking precautions and not leading them in prayer without it. One day, while leading the prayer, one of the conspirators shot an arrow at him, but it did not penetrate because of his armor. Later, while in the shadowed area of Sabat, one of them struck him with a poisoned dagger, which injured him. Al-Hasan (pbuh) then said, "Woe unto you! By Allah, Muawiyah will not keep any of the promises he made to you in exchange for killing me. I believe that even if I placed my hand in his and made peace with him, he would not leave me to practice the religion of my grandfather (pbuhp). I could worship Allah alone, but I foresee your children standing at the doors of their children, begging them for water and food, because of what Allah has allotted to them. But they will not give them water or food. Woe and destruction will be the fate of those who have brought this upon themselves.{And those who have wronged will come to know what their end will be}." The conspirators began making excuses for their actions, but Al-Hasan wrote immediately to Muawiyah, stating: "Now then, my circumstances have reached the point of despair from reviving a righthood and eliminating falsehood. Your situation, on the other hand, has reached its desired goal. I am stepping away from this matter and leaving it to you, even though abandoning it may be worse for you in the Hereafter. I have conditions that I will set forth; they will not burden you if you keep your promises, nor will they frighten you if you betray them. The conditions are outlined in another letter, in which you pledge to fulfill them and to abandon treachery. You will regret this, O Muawiyah, just as others have regretted taking a stand for falsehood or neglecting the truth when regret is no longer of benefit. Peace be upon you."

Ilal Al-Chara'a Vol.1, P.220

 

عن زيد بن وهب الجهني قال: لما طعن الحسن بن علي × بالمدائن أتيته وهو متوجع, فقلت: ما ترى يا ابن رسول الله, فإن الناس متحيرون؟ فقال ×: أرى والله معاوية خيرا لي من هؤلاء, يزعمون أنهم لي شيعة ابتغوا قتلي, وانتهبوا ثقلي, وأخذوا مالي, والله, لأن آخذ من معاوية عهدا أحقن به دمي, وآمن به في أهلي خير من أن يقتلوني, فتضيع أهل بيتي وأهلي, والله, لو قاتلت معاوية لأخذوا بعنقي حتى يدفعوني إليه سلما, فو الله لأن أسالمه وأنا عزيز خير من أن يقتلني وأنا أسيره, أو يمن علي فتكون سبة على بني هاشم إلى آخر الدهر, ومعاوية لا يزال يمن بها وعقبه على الحي منا والميت, قال: قلت: تترك يا ابن رسول الله شيعتك كالغنم, ليس لهم راع؟ قال ×: وما أصنع يا أخا جهينة, إني والله أعلم بأمر قد أدي به إلي عن ثقاته, أن أمير المؤمنين × قال لي: ذات يوم وقد رآني فرحا, يا حسن, أتفرح كيف بك إذا رأيت أباك قتيلا, أم كيف بك إذا ولي هذا الأمر بنو أمية, وأميرها الرحب البلعوم الواسع الأعفاج, يأكل ولا يشبع, يموت وليس له في السماء ناصر, ولا في الأرض عاذر, ثم يستولي على غربها وشرقها, تدين له العباد, ويطول ملكه يستن بسنن البدع والضلال, ويميت الحق وسنة رسول الله |, يقسم المال في أهل ولايته, ويمنعه من هو أحق به, ويذل في ملكه المؤمن, ويقوى في سلطانه الفاسق, ويجعل المال بين أنصاره دولا, ويتخذ عباد الله خولا, ويدرس في سلطانه الحق, ويظهر الباطل, ويلعن الصالحون, ويقتل من ناواه على الحق, ويدين من والاه على الباطل, فكذلك حتى يبعث الله رجلا في آخر الزمان, وكلب من الدهر وجهل من الناس, يؤيده الله بملائكته, ويعصم أنصاره وينصره بآياته, ويظهره على‏ الأرض, حتى يدينوا طوعا وكرها, يملأ الأرض عدلا وقسطا ونورا وبرهانا, يدين له عرض البلاد وطولها, حتى لا يبقى كافر إلا آمن, ولا طالح إلا صلح, وتصطلح في ملكه السباع, وتخرج الأرض نبتها, وتنزل السماء بركتها, وتظهر له الكنوز, يملك ما بين الخافقين أربعين عاما, فطوبى لمن أدرك أيامه وسمع كلامه. [3]

Zayd ibn Wahb al-Juhani narrated: "When al-Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) was stabbed at al-Mada'in, I came to him while he was in pain. I said, 'What do you think, O son of the Messenger of Allah? The people are confused.' He (pbuh) replied, 'By Allah, I see that Muawiyah is better for me than these people who claim to be my Shia (followers). They sought to kill me, looted my possessions, and took my wealth. By Allah, taking a pledge from Muawiyah that will protect my blood and ensure the safety of my family is better than being killed by them, which would lead to the destruction of my family and household. By Allah, if I fought Muawiyah, they would seize me by the neck and hand me over to him in surrender. By Allah, making peace with him while I am honored is better than being killed as his captive, or having him show mercy to me, which would be a disgrace for the Banu Hashim until the end of time. Muawiyah would continue to remind us of his favor over both the living and the dead among us.' I said, 'Will you leave your Shia without a leader, like sheep without a shepherd, O son of the Messenger of Allah?' He (pbuh) replied, 'What can I do, O brother of Juhayna? By Allah, I know something that has been conveyed to me by trustworthy sources. The Commander of the Faithful (pbuh) once said to me when he saw me happy, "O Hasan, do you rejoice? What will you do when you see your father killed, or when you see the Umayyads take power, and their leader is a gluttonous and insatiable man who eats without being satisfied, who dies without a supporter in heaven or a protector on earth? He will dominate both the East and the West, and people will submit to him. His reign will be long, following the paths of innovation and misguidance, extinguishing the truth and the norms of the Messenger of Allah (Pbuhp). He will distribute wealth among his followers, denying it to those who are more deserving, humiliate believers under his rule, and empower the corrupt. He will use wealth to favor his supporters and treat the servants of Allah as slaves. Truth will fade away during his reign, and falsehood will prevail. The righteous will be cursed, and he will kill those who oppose him on the side of truth, while supporting those who follow him in falsehood. This will continue until Allah sends a man at the end of time, during a period of ignorance and negligence from people. Allah will support him with His angels and protect his followers. He will be aided by divine signs and will be victorious over the earth. People will submit to him willingly or unwillingly. He will fill the earth with justice, equity, light, and proof. His rule will extend across the world, and no unbeliever will remain except that they believe, and no corrupt person except that they reform. Even wild animals will coexist peacefully during his reign. The earth will bring forth its vegetation, the heavens will send down blessings, and treasures will be revealed to him. He will rule between the East and the West for forty years. Blessed are those who live to see his days and hear his words."'"

Al-Ehtijaj Vol.2, P.290

 

ما كتبه الإمام الحسن × في كتاب الصلح الذي استقر بينه وبين معاوية (لع) حيث رأى حقن الدماء وإطفاء الفتنة، وهو:

{بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم}، هذا ما صالح عليه الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب معاوية بن أبي سفيان: صالحه على أن يسلم إليه ولاية أمر المسلمين، على أن يعمل فيهم بكتاب الله وسنة رسوله | وسيرة الخلفاء الصالحين  وليس لمعاوية بن أبي سفيان أن يعهد إلى أحد من بعده عهدا بل يكون الأمر من بعده شورى بين المسلمين وعلى أن الناس آمنون حيث كانوا من أرض الله في شامهم، وعراقهم وحجازهم ويمنهم، وعلى أن أصحاب علي × وشيعته آمنون على أنفسهم وأموالهم ونسائهم وأولادهم. وعلى معاوية بن أبي سفيان بذلك عهد الله وميثاقه وما أخذ الله على أحد من خلقه بالوفاء، وبما أعطى الله من نفسه، وعلى أن لا يبغي للحسن بن علي ولا لأخيه الحسين ولا لأحد من أهل بيت رسول الله | غائلة سرا ولا جهرا، ولا يخيف أحدا منهم في أفق من الآفاق. شهد عليه بذلك - وكفى بالله شهيدا - فلان وفلان والسلام.

ولما تم الصلح وانبرم الأمر، التمس معاوية (لع) من الحسن × أن يتكلم بمجمع من الناس ويعلمهم أنه قد بايع معاوية وسلم الأمر إليه فأجابه إلى ذلك فخطب وقد حشد الناس - خطبة حمد الله تعالى وصلى على نبيه | فيها، وهي من كلامه المنقول عنه × وقال: أيها الناس إن أكيس الكيس التقى، وأحمق الحمق الفجور, وإنكم لو طلبتم بين جابلق وجابرس رجلا جده رسول الله | ما وجدتموه غيري وغير أخي الحسين، وقد علمتم أن الله هداكم بجدي محمد |، فأنقذكم به من الضلالة  ورفعكم به من الجهالة، وأعزكم بعد الذلة، وكثركم بعد القلة، وإن معاوية نازعني حقا هو لي دونه، فنظرت لصلاح الأمة، وقطع الفتنة، وقد كنتم بايعتموني على أن تسالموا من سالمت، وتحاربوا من حاربت، فرأيت أن أسالم معاوية وأضع الحرب بيني وبينه، وقد بايعته، ورأيت أن حقن الدماء خير من سفكها ولم أرد بذلك إلا صلاحكم وبقاءكم، وإن أدري لعله فتنة لكم ومتاع إلى حين. [4]

The text of the agreement between Imam Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) and Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan (may Allah curse him), which was aimed at preserving peace and preventing further conflict: In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful, this is what Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib has agreed upon with Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan: He has agreed to hand over the leadership of the Muslims to Muawiyah, with the condition that he rules according to the Book of Allah, the norms of His Messenger (pbuhp), and the practices of the righteous caliphs. Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan shall not appoint anyone after him, and the matter of leadership after him shall be decided by consultation among the Muslims. The people shall be secure wherever they are in the land of Allah, whether in the Levant, Iraq, Hijaz, or Yemen. The followers of Ali (pbuh) and his Shi'a shall be secure in their lives, properties, women, and children. Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan is bound to this agreement with the covenant of Allah and His oath, as well as the promises Allah has made to His creation. He must not harbor any ill-will, whether in secret or in public, towards Hasan ibn Ali, his brother Hussain, or any member of the progeny of the Messenger of Allah (pbuhp). He must not intimidate any of them in any region. This was witnessed by (names omitted here) - and Allah is the Best Witness. When the agreement was finalized, Muawiyah (may Allah curse him) asked Hasan (pbuh) to publicly announce in front of a large gathering that he had pledged allegiance to Muawiyah and handed over the leadership. Hasan (pbuh) agreed and delivered a sermon in which he praised Allah and sent blessings upon the Prophet (pbuhp). He said: "O people, the most intelligent person is the one who is pious, and the most foolish person is the one who is sinful. If you sought someone whose grandfather was the Messenger of Allah (pbuhp), you would find no one other than me and my brother Hussain. You know that Allah guided you through my grandfather Muhammad (pbuhp), saving you from misguidance, elevating you from ignorance, honoring you after disgrace, and increasing your numbers after being few. Muawiyah disputed with me over a right that was mine. Considering the well-being of the community and putting an end to the discord, and since you had pledged to support me in peace with those I make peace with and fight those I fight, I decided to make peace with Muawiyah and cease hostilities with him. I have pledged allegiance to him. I saw that preserving lives is better than shedding blood, and my intention was nothing but your welfare and survival. I am aware that this might be a trial for you and a temporary benefit."

Kashef Al-Ghoumma Vol.2, P.193

 

* خطبته واحتجاجه × على معاوية بعد الصلح His sermon and arguments with Muawiyah after the peace agreement  

عن سليم بن قيس قال: قام الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب × على المنبر, حين اجتمع مع معاوية: فحمد الله وأثنى عليه, ثم قال: أيها الناس, إن معاوية زعم أني رأيته للخلافة أهلا, ولم أر نفسي لها أهلا, وكذب معاوية أنا أولى الناس بالناس في كتاب الله, وعلى لسان نبي الله, فأقسم بالله لو أن الناس بايعوني وأطاعوني ونصروني لأعطتهم السماء قطرها, والأرض بركتها, ولما طمعت فيها يا معاوية, وقد قال رسول الله |: ما ولت أمة أمرها رجلا قط وفيهم من هو أعلم منه, إلا لم يزل أمرهم يذهب سفالا, حتى يرجعوا إلى ملة عبدة العجل, وقد ترك بنو إسرائيل هارون, واعتكفوا على العجل وهم يعلمون أن هارون خليفة موسى, وقد تركت الأمة عليا ×, وقد سمعوا رسول الله | يقول‏ لعلي ×: أنت مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى غير النبوة فلا نبي بعدي, وقد هرب رسول الله | من قومه, وهو يدعوهم إلى الله, حتى فر إلى الغار ولو وجد عليهم أعوانا ما هرب منهم, ولو وجدت أنا أعوانا ما بايعتك يا معاوية, وقد جعل الله هارون في سعة حين استضعفوه وكادوا يقتلونه, ولم يجد عليهم أعوانا, وقد جعل الله النبي | في سعة حين فر من قومه, لما لم يجد أعوانا عليهم, وكذلك أنا وأبي في سعة من الله حين تركتنا الأمة وبايعت غيرنا, ولم نجد أعوانا, وإنما هي السنن والأمثال يتبع بعضها بعضا, أيها الناس, إنكم لو التمستم فيما بين المشرق والمغرب, لم تجدوا رجلا من ولد نبي غيري وغير أخي.[5]

Sulaim ibn Qais reported: Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (pbuh) stood on the pulpit when he was with Muawiyah and praised Allah and sent blessings upon Him. He then said: "O people, Muawiyah claims that believe that I am unworthy of the caliphate while he is worthy of it. Muawiyah is lying; I am more deserving of leadership according to the Book of Allah and the words of the Prophet of Allah (pbuhp). I swear by Allah, if the people had pledged allegiance to me, obeyed me, and supported me, I would have given them the rain from the sky and the blessings of the earth, and you wouldn’t have desired it for yourself, O Muawiyah. The Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) said: 'A nation will never appoint a man to lead them while there is someone among them who is more knowledgeable than him, except that their affairs will continually decline until they return to the religion of the calf-worshippers.' The people of Israel abandoned Harun and devoted themselves to the calf, even though they knew that Harun was the successor of Musa. Likewise, the Ummah abandoned Ali (pbuh), despite hearing the Prophet (pbuhp) say to Ali: 'You are to me as Harun was to Musa, except that there is no prophet after me.' The Prophet (pbuhp) fled from his people while calling them to Allah until he took refuge in the cave. If he had found supporters, he would not have fled from them. Likewise, if I had found supporters, I would not have pledged allegiance to you, O Muawiyah. Allah had given Harun the ability to endure when he was weak and nearly killed, and he found no supporters. Allah had given the Prophet (pbuhp) the ability to endure when he fled from his people, as he found no supporters. Similarly, my father and I are in the same position of Allah's grace when the Ummah abandoned us and pledged allegiance to others, and we found no supporters. These are the traditions and examples that follow one another. O people, if you were to search between the East and the West, you would not find a man from the descendants of a Prophet other than me and my brother."

Suleim ibn Qays Book Vol.2, P.938

 

عن الإمام علي بن الحسين × قال: لما أجمع الحسن بن علي × على صلح معاوية خرج حتى لقيه, فلما اجتمعا قام معاوية خطيبا فصعد المنبر وأمر الحسن × أن يقوم أسفل منه بدرجة, ثم تكلم معاوية فقال: أيها الناس هذا الحسن بن علي وابن فاطمة × رآنا للخلافة أهلا ولم ير نفسه لها أهلا, وقد أتانا ليبايع طوعا ثم قال: قم يا حسن, فقام الحسن × فخطب فقال: الحمد لله المستحمد بالآلاء, وتتابع النعماء وصارف الشدائد والبلاء عند الفهماء وغير الفهماء, المذعنين من عباده لامتناعه بجلاله وكبريائه وعلوه عن لحوق الأوهام ببقائه المرتفع عن كنه طيات المخلوقين, من أن تحيط بمكنون غيبه رويات عقول الراءين, وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده في ربوبيته ووجوده ووحدانيته صمدا لا شريك له, فردا لا ظهير له, وأشهد أن محمدا عبده ورسوله اصطفاه وانتجبه وارتضاه وبعثه داعيا إلى الحق سراجا منيرا وللعباد مما يخافون نذيرا, ولما يأملون بشيرا فنصح للأمة وصدع بالرسالة, وأبان لهم درجات العمالة شهادة عليها, أمات وأحشر وبها في الآجلة أقرب وأحبر, وأقول معشر الخلائق فاسمعوا, ولكم أفئدة وأسماع فعوا, إنا أهل بيت أكرمنا الله بالإسلام واختارنا واصطفانا واجتبانا, فأذهب عنا الرجس وطهرنا تطهيرا, والرجس هو الشك فلا نشك في الله الحق ودينه أبدا, وطهرنا من كل أفن وغية مخلصين إلى آدم نعمة منه, لم يفترق الناس قط فرقتين إلا جعلنا الله في خيرهما, فأدت الأمور وأفضت الدهور إلى أن بعث الله محمدا | للنبوة واختاره للرسالة, وأنزل عليه كتابا ثم أمره بالدعاء إلى الله عز وجل, فكان أبي × أول من استجاب لله تعالى ولرسوله |, وأول من آمن وصدق الله ورسوله, وقد قال الله تعالى في كتابه المنزل على نبيه المرسل: {أفمن كان على بينة من ربه ويتلوه شاهد منه} فرسول الله | الذي على بينة من ربه, وأبي × الذي يتلوه وهو شاهد منه, وقد قال له رسوله | حين أمره أن يسير إلى مكة والموسم ببراءة سر بها: يا علي, فإني أمرت أن لا يسير بها إلا أنا أو رجل مني, وأنت هو فعلي من رسول الله ورسول الله منه, وقال له النبي حين قضى بينه وبين أخيه جعفر بن أبي طالب ومولاه زيد بن حارثة في ابنة حمزة: أما أنت يا علي فمني وأنا منك, وأنت ولي كل مؤمن من بعدي فصدق أبي رسول الله | سابقا ووقاه بنفسه, ثم لم يزل رسول الله | في كل موطن يقدمه, ولكل شديد يرسله ثقة منه به, وطمأنينة إليه لعلمه بنصيحة الله ورسوله, وأنه أقرب المقربين من الله ورسوله, وقد قال الله عز وجل: {السابقون السابقون أولئك المقربون}, فكان أبي سابق السابقين إلى الله تعالى وإلى رسوله | وأقرب الأقربين, وقد قال الله تعالى: {لا يستوي منكم من أنفق من قبل الفتح وقاتل أولئك أعظم درجة}, فأبي كان أولهم إسلاما وإيمانا وأولهم إلى الله ورسوله هجرة ولحوقا, وأولهم على وجده ووسعه نفقة, قال سبحانه: {والذين جاؤ من بعدهم يقولون ربنا اغفر لنا ولإخواننا الذين سبقونا بالإيمان ولا تجعل في قلوبنا غلا للذين آمنوا ربنا إنك رؤف رحيم}, فالناس من جميع الأمم يستغفرون له بسبقه إياهم إلى الإيمان بنبيه |, وذلك أنه لم يسبقه إلى الإيمان به أحد, وقد قال الله تعالى: {والسابقون الأولون من المهاجرين والأنصار والذين اتبعوهم بإحسان} فهو سابق جميع السابقين, فكما أن الله عز وجل فضل السابقين على المتخلفين والمتأخرين, فكذلك فضل سابق السابقين على السابقين, وقد قال الله: {أجعلتم سقاية الحاج وعمارة المسجد الحرام كمن آمن بالله واليوم الآخر} وجاهد في سبيل الله فهو المجاهد في سبيل الله حقا, وفيه نزلت هذه الآية وكان ممن استجاب لرسول الله | عمه حمزة وجعفر ابن عمه, فقتلا شهيدين رضي الله عنهما في قتلى كثيرة معهما من أصحاب رسول الله |, فجعل الله تعالى حمزة سيد الشهداء من بينهم, وجعل لجعفر جناحين يطير بهما مع الملائكة, كيف يشاء من بينهم وذلك لمكانهما من رسول الله | ومنزلتهما وقرابتهما منه وصلى رسول الله | على حمزة سبعين صلاة من بين الشهداء الذين استشهدوا معه, وكذلك جعل الله تعالى لنساء النبي | للمحسنة منهن أجرين, وللمسيئة منهن وزرين ضعفين لمكانهن من رسول الله |, وجعل الصلاة في مسجد رسول الله | بألف صلاة في سائر المساجد, إلا مسجد الحرام مسجد خليله إبراهيم × بمكة, وذلك لمكان رسول الله | من ربه, وفرض الله عز وجل الصلاة على نبيه | على كافة المؤمنين, فقالوا: يا رسول الله, كيف الصلاة عليك؟ فقال |: قولوا: اللهم صل على محمد وآل محمد, فحق على كل مسلم أن يصلي علينا مع الصلاة على النبي | فريضة واجبة, وأحل الله تعالى خمس الغنيمة لرسوله | وأوجبها له في كتابه, وأوجب لنا من ذلك ما أوجب له, وحرم عليه الصدقة وحرمها علينا معه, فأدخلنا وله الحمد فيما أدخل فيه نبيه |, وأخرجنا ونزهنا مما أخرجه منه ونزهه عنه كرامة أكرمنا الله عز وجل بها, وفضيلة فضلنا بها على سائر العباد فقال الله تعالى لمحمد | حين جحده كفرة أهل الكتاب وحاجوه: {فقل تعالوا ندع أبناءنا وأبناءكم ونساءنا ونساءكم وأنفسنا وأنفسكم ثم نبتهل فنجعل لعنت الله على الكاذبين} فأخرج رسول الله | من الأنفس معه أبي × ومن البنين أنا وأخي × ومن النساء أمي فاطمة × من الناس جميعا, فنحن أهله ولحمه ودمه ونفسه, ونحن منه وهو منا, وقد قال الله تعالى: {إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا} فلما نزلت آية التطهير جمعنا رسول الله | أنا وأخي وأمي وأبي فجللنا ونفسه في كساء لأم سلمة خيبري, وذلك في حجرتها وفي يومها فقال: اللهم هؤلاء أهل بيتي وهؤلاء أهلي وعترتي, فأذهب عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا, فقالت أم سلمة رضي الله عنها: أدخل معهم يا رسول الله؟ قال لها رسول الله |: يرحمك الله أنت على خير وإلى خير, وما أرضاني عنك ولكنها خاصة لي ولهم, ثم مكث رسول الله | بعد ذلك بقية عمره, حتى قبضه الله إليه يأتينا في كل يوم عند طلوع الفجر فيقول: الصلاة يرحمكم الله, {إنما يريد الله ليذهب عنكم الرجس أهل البيت ويطهركم تطهيرا} وأمر رسول الله | بسد الأبواب الشارعة في مسجده غير بابنا, فكلموه في ذلك فقال: أما إني لم أسد أبوابكم ولم أفتح باب علي من تلقاء نفسي, ولكني أتبع ما يوحى إلي, وإن الله أمر بسدها وفتح بابه فلم يكن من بعد ذلك أحد تصيبه جنابة في مسجد رسول الله |, ويولد فيه الأولاد غير رسول الله | وأبي علي بن أبي طالب × تكرمة من الله تبارك وتعالى, لنا وفضلا اختصنا به على جميع الناس, وهذا باب أبي قرين باب رسول الله | في مسجده ومنزلنا بين منازل رسول الله |, وذلك أن الله أمر نبيه | أن يبني مسجده, فبنى فيه عشرة أبيات تسعة لبنيه وأزواجه, وعاشرها وهو متوسطها لأبي × وها هو بسبيل مقيم, والبيت هو المسجد المطهر, وهو الذي قال الله تعالى أهل البيت, فنحن أهل البيت ونحن الذين أذهب الله عنا الرجس وطهرنا تطهيرا, أيها الناس, إني لو قمت حولا فحولا أذكر الذي أعطانا الله عز وجل وخصنا به من الفضل في كتابه وعلى لسان نبيه | لم أحصه, وأنا ابن النبي النذير البشير والسراج المنير, الذي جعله الله رحمة للعالمين وأبي علي × ولي المؤمنين وشبيه هارون, وإن معاوية بن صخر زعم أني رأيته للخلافة أهلا ولم أر نفسي لها أهلا, فكذب معاوية وايم الله لأنا أولى الناس بالناس في كتاب الله وعلى لسان رسول الله | غير أنا لم نزل أهل البيت مخيفين مظلومين مضطهدين منذ قبض رسول الله |, فالله بيننا وبين من ظلمنا حقنا, ونزل على رقابنا وحمل الناس على أكتافنا, ومنعنا سهمنا في كتاب الله من الفي‏ء والغنائم, ومنع أمنا فاطمة × إرثها من أبيها, إنا لا نسمي أحدا ولكن أقسم بالله قسما تاليا لو أن الناس سمعوا قول الله ورسوله | لأعطتهم السماء قطرها والأرض بركتها, ولما اختلف في هذه الأمة سيفان, ولأكلوها خضراء خضرة إلى يوم القيامة, وإذا ما طمعت يا معاوية فيها ولكنها لما أخرجت سالفا من معدنها وزحزحت عن قواعدها, تنازعتها قريش بينها, وترامتها كترامي الكرة حتى طمعت فيها أنت يا معاوية وأصحابك من بعدك, وقد قال رسول الله |: ما ولت أمة أمرها رجلا قط وفيهم من هو أعلم منه, إلا لم يزل أمرهم يذهب سفالا حتى يرجعوا إلى ما تركوا, وقد تركت بنو إسرائيل وكانوا أصحاب موسى × هارون أخاه وخليفته ووزيره, وعكفوا على العجل وأطاعوا فيه سامريهم وهم يعلمون أنه خليفة موسى ×, وقد سمعت هذه الأمة رسول الله | يقول ذلك لأبي × إنه مني بمنزلة هارون من موسى إلا أنه لا نبي بعدي, وقد رأوا رسول الله | حين نصبه لهم بغدير خم, وسمعوه ونادى له بالولاية, ثم أمرهم أن يبلغ الشاهد منهم الغائب وقد خرج رسول الله | حذرا من قومه إلى الغار, لما أجمعوا على أن يمكروا به وهو يدعوهم لما لم يجد عليهم أعوانا, ولو وجد عليهم أعوانا لجاهدهم, وقد كف أبي يده وناشدهم واستغاث أصحابه فلم يغث ولم ينصر, ولو وجد عليهم أعوانا ما أجابهم, وقد جعل في سعة كما جعل النبي | في سعة, وقد خذلتني الأمة وبايعتك يا ابن حرب, ولو وجدت عليك أعوانا يخلصون ما بايعتك, وقد جعل الله عز وجل هارون في سعة حين استضعفوه قومه وعادوه, كذلك أنا وأبي في سعة من الله حين تركتنا الأمة وبايعت غيرنا, ولم نجد عليه أعوانا وإنما هي السنن والأمثال يتبع بعضها بعضا, أيها الناس, إنكم لو التمستم بين المشرق والغرب رجلا جده رسول الله | وأبوه وصي رسول الله |, لم تجدوا غيري وغير أخي, فاتقوا الله ولا تضلوا بعد البيان, وكيف بكم وأنى ذلك منكم ألا وإني قد بايعت هذا, وأشار بيده إلى معاوية {وإن أدري لعله فتنة لكم ومتاع إلى حين} أيها الناس, إنه لا يعاب أحد بترك حقه وإنما يعاب أن يأخذ ما ليس له, وكل صواب نافع وكل خطإ ضار لأهله, وقد كانت القضية ففهمها سليمان فنفعت سليمان ولم تضر داود ×, فأما القرابة فقد نفعت المشرك وهي والله للمؤمن أنفع, قال رسول الله | لعمه أبي طالب وهو في الموت: قل لا إله إلا الله أشفع لك بها يوم القيامة, ولم يكن رسول الله | يقول له ويعد إلا ما يكون منه على يقين, وليس ذلك لأحد من الناس كلهم غير شيخنا أعني أبا طالب يقول الله عز وجل {وليست التوبة للذين يعملون السيئات حتى إذا حضر أحدهم الموت قال إني تبت الآن ولا الذين يموتون وهم كفار أولئك أعتدنا لهم عذابا أليما} أيها الناس, اسمعوا وعوا واتقوا الله وراجعوا, وهيهات منكم الرجعة إلى الحق وقد صارعكم النكوص وخامركم الطغيان والجحود {أنلزمكموها وأنتم لها كارهون والسلام على من اتبع الهدى} قال: فقال معاوية: والله ما نزل الحسن حتى أظلمت علي الأرض وهممت أن أبطش به, ثم علمت أن الإغضاء أقرب إلى العافية.[6]

Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (pbuh) said: When al-Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) decided to make peace with Muawiyah, he went out to meet him. When they met, Muawiyah stood up and ascended the pulpit, ordering al-Hasan (pbuh) to stand below him by one step. Muawiyah then spoke, saying, "O people, this is al-Hasan ibn Ali, the son of Fatimah (pbuh). He has considered us worthy of the caliphate and did not consider himself worthy of it, and he has come to pledge allegiance voluntarily." Then he said, "Stand up, O Hasan." Al-Hasan (pbuh) stood and delivered a sermon, saying: "All praise is due to Allah, who is praised for His blessings, who bestows continued grace, who relieves hardships and tribulations for both the knowledgeable and the unknowing. His servants submit to Him due to His majesty, greatness, and transcendence beyond the grasp of imaginations concerning His existence. He is exalted above the nature of created beings, beyond the reach of the intellects of those who perceive Him, and beyond the comprehension of those who attempt to encompass His hidden reality. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, the One without partner, the Eternal without equal, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, chosen, selected, and accepted by Him. He was sent as a caller to the truth, a shining light, a warner to the servants of what they fear, and a bringer of good news of what they hope. He was sincere to the nation, openly delivered the message, and explained the degrees of deeds, being a witness over them. He has passed away and will gather them (on the Day of Resurrection), and it will be clear in the hereafter. O assembly of creatures, listen, and you have hearts and ears, so understand." "We are the family chosen by Allah for Islam, honored and purified by Him. Allah has kept impurity away from us, which is doubt, so we never doubt the truth of Allah and His religion. He has purified us from all flaws and deviations, preserving us as sincere from the time of Adam. Whenever people were divided into two groups, Allah placed us in the better group. Matters have progressed over time until Allah sent Muhammad (pbuhp) for prophethood and chose him for His message.

He revealed the Book to him and commanded him to call people to Allah. My father (pbuh) was the first to respond to Allah and His Messenger (pbuhp), the first to believe and confirm Allah and His Messenger. Allah the Exalted says in His Book, revealed to His Messenger: {Is he who stands upon a clear proof from his Lord, and a witness from Him recites it?} The Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) is the one upon a clear proof from his Lord, and my father (pbuh) is the witness who recites it. The Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) told him when he commanded him to go to Mecca and deliver Bara’a Chapter at the pilgrimage: 'O Ali, I have been commanded that none should convey it except myself or a man from me, and you are that man.' Thus, Ali is from the Messenger of Allah, and the Messenger of Allah is from him. The Prophet also said when he judged between him and his brother Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and his freed slave Zaid ibn Haritha concerning the daughter of Hamzah: 'As for you, O Ali, you are from me, and I am from you. You are the guardian of every believer after me.' My father confirmed the Prophet (pbuhp) early on and protected him with his life. The Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) continued to place him at the forefront in every situation and send him on every difficult mission, trusting him and confident in his loyalty to Allah and His Messenger. He was the closest of the close to Allah and His Messenger." "And Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, has said: {The foremost, the foremost, those are the ones brought near [to Allah]}. My father was the foremost of the foremost in coming to Allah and His Messenger, and the closest of the close. Allah, the Exalted, also said: {Not equal among you are those who spent [in Allah's cause] before the conquest [of Mecca] and fought. Those are greater in degree than they who spent [afterward] and fought}. My father was the first to embrace Islam, the first to believe, the first to migrate to Allah and His Messenger, and the first to spend [in Allah's cause] according to his capacity and means. Allah, the Exalted, said: {And those who came after them say, 'Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith and put not in our hearts [any] resentment toward those who have believed. Our Lord, indeed You are Kind and Merciful'}. People from all nations seek forgiveness for him because he preceded them in believing in the Prophet, as no one preceded him in believing in him. Allah, the Exalted, has said: {And the first to embrace Islam of the Muhajirun [emigrants] and the Ansar [helpers], and also those who followed them exactly [in faith]}. He is the foremost among all the foremost. As Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, has preferred the foremost over those who lagged behind and came later, so too did He prefer the foremost of the foremost over the foremost.

Allah said: {Have you made the providing of water for the pilgrim and the maintenance of al-Masjid al-Haram equal to [the deeds of] one who believes in Allah and the Last Day and strives in the cause of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah}. He is the one who truly strived in the cause of Allah, and this verse was revealed about him. Among those who responded to the call of the Messenger of Allah were his uncle Hamza and his cousin Ja'far, who were martyred, may Allah be pleased with them, along with many other companions of the Messenger of Allah. Allah, the Exalted, made Hamza the master of martyrs among them and granted Ja'far two wings with which he flies among the angels as he wills. This is because of their status with the Messenger of Allah and their closeness to him. The Messenger of Allah prayed seventy times over Hamza among the martyrs who were martyred with him. Similarly, Allah, the Exalted, granted the wives of the Prophet, to the righteous among them, a double reward and to the sinful among them, a double punishment, due to their position with the Messenger of Allah. He made prayer in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah equivalent to a thousand prayers in other mosques, except for al-Masjid al-Haram, the mosque of His friend Ibrahim in Mecca, due to the Messenger of Allah's position with his Lord." "And Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, prescribed prayer upon His Prophet for all the believers. They asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, how should we pray upon you?' He replied, 'Say: O Allah, bless Muhammad and the progeny of Muhammad.' Thus, it is incumbent upon every Muslim to include us in their prayers upon the Prophet as an obligatory duty. Allah, the Exalted, made the fifth of the spoils of war lawful for His Messenger and enjoined it upon him in His Book, and He enjoined a share of it for us as well. He forbade charity for him and forbade it for us along with him, admitting us—praise be to Him—into what He admitted His Prophet, and excluding us and purifying us from what He excluded him from and purified him from as an honor granted by Allah to us, a virtue by which He favored us over the rest of the people. When the disbelievers from the People of the Book denied him and disputed with him, Allah said to Muhammad: {Say, 'Come, let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves, then supplicate earnestly together and invoke the curse of Allah upon the liars'}. The Messenger of Allah brought out from himself my father, from the sons myself and my brother, and from the women my mother Fatima, from among all the people. Thus, we are his family, his flesh, his blood, and his very self; we are from him, and he is from us.

Allah, the Exalted, said: {Allah only desires to keep away every defilement from you, O people of the household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification}. When the verse of purification was revealed, the Messenger of Allah gathered us—myself, my brother, my mother, and my father—and enveloped us and himself under a cloak of Khaybar belonging to Umm Salamah, and this was in her room on her day. He said: 'O Allah, these are my household, and these are my family and progeny; keep away from them every defilement and purify them with [extensive] purification.' Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, asked, 'May I be with them, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'May Allah have mercy on you, you are in goodness and towards goodness, and I’m pleased at you the most. But this is a special honor for me and them.' After that, the Messenger of Allah continued throughout the rest of his life to come to us every day at dawn, saying, 'Prayer, may Allah have mercy on you. {Allah only desires to keep every defilement away from you, O people of the household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification}.' The Messenger of Allah ordered that the doors opening into his mosque be closed, except for our door. When they spoke to him about it, he said, 'Indeed, I did not close your doors nor open the door of Ali by my own desire. I only followed what was revealed to me, and Allah commanded that they be closed and his door opened.' Thereafter, no one was allowed to be in a state of impurity (after copulation) in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah, nor were children born in it except for the Messenger of Allah and my father, Ali ibn Abi Talib, as an honor from Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, to us and as a favor He bestowed upon us over all people. This is the door of my father, adjacent to the door of the Messenger of Allah in his mosque, and our dwelling is among the dwellings of the Messenger of Allah." "And Allah commanded His Prophet to build his mosque. He built ten houses in it—nine for his sons and wives, and the tenth, which is the middle one, for my father. This is the purified mosque, the place Allah called 'the household.' We are the household, the ones from whom Allah kept impurity away from us and purified thoroughly. O people, if I were to stand for a year or years recounting what Allah has granted us and distinguished us with from His favors in His Book and through His Prophet's words, I would not be able to enumerate it. I am the son of the Prophet, the Warner, the Bringer of good news, and the Illuminating Lamp, whom Allah made a mercy for the worlds. My father, Ali, is the guardian of the believers and the one likened to Aaron. Yet Muawiya ibn Sakhr claims that I deemed him worthy of the caliphate and did not deem myself worthy of it. Muawiya lies, and by Allah, we are the most deserving of the people, by the Book of Allah and the words of His Messenger. We, the Ahl al-Bayt, have been oppressed, wronged, and persecuted since the Prophet's death. May Allah judge between us and those who wronged us, seized our rights, ruled over us, carried the people on our shoulders, and denied us our share from the spoils and booty. They denied our mother, Fatima, her inheritance from her father. We do not name anyone, but by Allah, if the people had obeyed the words of Allah and His Messenger, the heavens would have poured forth their rain, the earth its blessings, and two swords would never have clashed in this community.

They would have lived in peace and prosperity until the Day of Judgment, and you wouldn’t have coveted it O Muwaiya. But when the caliphate was taken from its rightful place and moved away from its foundations, Quraysh competed for it, tossing it like a ball until you, Muawiya, and your companions, became covetous of it. The Messenger of Allah said, 'No nation appoints a leader when there is someone more knowledgeable among them without their affairs continually declining until they return to what they abandoned.' The Israelites abandoned Aaron, the brother, successor, and minister of Moses, and worshiped the calf, following their Samaritan, even though they knew Aaron was the successor of Moses. The people have heard the Messenger of Allah say the same for my father, that he is to him as Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after him. They saw the Messenger of Allah appointing him for them at Ghadir Khumm and heard him proclaim his leadership. He then ordered them to convey it to those absent. The Messenger of Allah had to hide in a cave, fearing his people when they conspired to kill him, calling them when he found no helpers. If he had found supporters, he would have fought them. My father restrained his hand, called upon his supporters, and sought help, but was not aided or supported. If he had found helpers, he would not have responded to them. He was made at ease as the prophet (Pbuhp) was made at ease from Allah.  And the nation has let me down and pledged allegiance to you, O son of Harb. Had I found supporters to help me, I would not have pledged allegiance to you.Allah made Aaron at ease when his people overpowered him and opposed him, and so it is with me and my father when the community abandoned us and pledged allegiance to others. We are in ease from Allah when the community abandoned us and pledged allegiance to others, as we did not find supporters.

This is the way of things and the examples follow each other. O people, if you sought between the East and the West for a man whose grandfather is the Messenger of Allah and whose father is the successor of the Messenger of Allah, you would not find anyone other than me and my brother. Fear Allah and do not go astray after the guidance. How will you, and how far is that from you? Know that I have pledged allegiance to this man, pointing to Muawiya. {And I do not know, perhaps it is a trial for you and enjoyment for a time}. O people, no one is blamed for forsaking their right, but one is blamed for taking what is not theirs. Every correct action benefits, and every error harms its perpetrator. Solomon understood the judgment and benefited from it, while David was not harmed. As for kinship, it benefited the unbeliever, and it is surely more beneficial for the believer. The Messenger of Allah said to his uncle Abu Talib on his deathbed, 'Say: There is no god but Allah, so I can intercede for you on the Day of Judgment.' The Messenger of Allah would not promise him anything unless he was certain it would come to pass. This is not the case for anyone else, and it is only our elder, Abu Talib, whom Allah mentioned in His verse: {But repentance is not [accepted] of those who [continue to] do evil deeds until, when death comes to one of them, he says, 'Indeed, I have repented now,' or of those who die while they are disbelievers. For them We have prepared a painful punishment}. O people, listen and understand. Fear Allah and turn back, though it is far from you to return to the truth. You have been overcome by retreat and rebellion, and denial has overwhelmed you. {Shall we compel you to accept it while you are averse to it?}. {Peace be upon those who follow guidance.}" Muawiya said: "By Allah, al-Hasan did not sit down until the earth darkened over me, and I almost wanted to strike him. Then I realized that forbearance is closer to health."

Al-Amali by Al-Toussi P.561

 

 

خطبته × حين قال له معاوية بعد الصلح اذكر فضلنا:

حمد الله وأثنى عليه, وصلى على محمد النبي وآله‏, ثم قال: من عرفني فقد عرفني, ومن لم يعرفني فأنا الحسن ابن رسول الله |, أنا ابن البشير النذير, أنا ابن المصطفى بالرسالة, أنا ابن من صلت عليه الملائكة, أنا ابن من شرفت به الأمة, أنا ابن من كان جبرئيل السفير من الله إليه, أنا ابن من بعث‏ رحمة للعالمين‏ صلى الله عليه و آله أجمعين, فلم يقدر معاوية أن يكتم عداوته وحسده, فقال: يا حسن, عليك بالرطب فانعته لنا, قال ×: نعم يا معاوية, الريح تلقحه والشمس تنفخه, والقمر يلونه, والحر ينضجه, والليل يبرده, ثم أقبل على منطقه فقال: أنا ابن المستجاب الدعوة, أنا ابن من كان من ربه كقاب‏ قوسين أو أدنى‏, أنا ابن الشفيع المطاع, أنا ابن مكة ومنى, أنا ابن من خضعت له قريش رغما, أنا ابن من سعد تابعه وشقي خاذله, أنا ابن من جعلت الأرض له طهورا ومسجدا, أنا ابن من كانت أخبار السماء إليه تترى‏, أنا ابن من أذهب الله عنهم الرجس وطهرهم تطهيرا, فقال معاوية: أظن نفسك يا حسن تنازعك إلى الخلافة, فقال ×: ويلك يا معاوية, إنما الخليفة من سار بسيرة رسول الله |, وعمل بطاعة الله, ولعمري إنا لأعلام الهدى ومنار التقى, ولكنك يا معاوية ممن أبار السنن, وأحيا البدع, واتخذ عباد الله خولا, ودين الله لعبا, فكأن قد أخمل ما أنت فيه فعشت يسيرا, وبقيت عليك تبعاته, يا معاوية, والله لقد خلق الله مدينتين إحداهما بالمشرق والأخرى بالمغرب, اسماهما: جابلقا وجابلسا, ما بعث الله إليهما أحدا غير جدي رسول الله |, فقال معاوية: يا أبا محمد, أخبرنا عن ليلة القدر, قال ×: نعم عن مثل هذا, فاسأل إن الله خلق السماوات سبعا, والأرضين سبعا, والجن من سبع, والإنس من سبع, فتطلب من ليلة ثلاث وعشرين إلى ليلة سبع وعشرين, ثم نهض ×. [7]

His Speech: When Muawiya said to him after the peace agreement, "mention our virtues," he praised and thanked God, and sent prayers upon Muhammad, the Prophet, and his progeny. Then he said: "Whoever knows me, knows me. Whoever does not know me, I am Hasan, the son of the Messenger of Allah. I am the son of the bearer of good news and the warner. I am the son of the one chosen for the message. I am the son of the one upon whom the angels prayed. I am the son of the one by whom the nation was honored. I am the son of the one whom Gabriel was the messenger from Allah to. I am the son of the one who was sent as a mercy to the worlds. Peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny." Muawiya could not hide his hostility and envy, so he said, "O Hasan, describe for us the date palm." Hasan replied, "Yes, O Muawiya. The wind pollinates it, the sun ripens it, the moon colors it, the heat matures it, and the night cools it." Then he turned to his speech and said: "I am the son of the one whose supplications are answered. I am the son of the one who was close to his Lord, as close as two bows’ length or even nearer. I am the son of the intercessor whose intercession is accepted. I am the son of Mecca and Mina. I am the son of the one to whom the Quraysh submitted unwillingly. I am the son of the one whose followers were fortunate and whose opponents were wretched. I am the son of the one for whom the earth was made pure and a place of prayer. I am the son of the one whose news from the heavens were continuous. I am the son of the one from whom Allah kept impurity away and purified them with a thorough purification." Muawiya said, "I think you, Hasan, aspire to the caliphate." Hasan replied, "Woe to you, Muawiya! The caliph is the one who follows the example of the Messenger of Allah and obeys Allah. By my life, we are the banners of guidance and the beacons of piety. But you, Muawiya, are among those who obliterate the traditions, revive innovations, make Allah's servants slaves, and turn the religion of Allah into a game. So, it is as if what you are in has become obscure and you will live for a short time, with the consequences remaining upon you." "O Muawiya, by Allah, He created two cities, one in the east and the other in the west, and named them Jabulqa and Jabulsa. Allah did not send anyone to them except my grandfather, the Messenger of Allah." Muawiya said, "O Abu Muhammad, tell us about the Night of Decree." Hasan replied, "Yes, about such matters, ask. For Allah created the heavens in seven layers, the earth in seven, the jinn in seven, and humans in seven. Seek it from the night of the twenty-third to the night of the twenty-seventh." Then Hasan stood up.

Touhaf Al-Oukoul P.232

 

 

* علة وفوائد الصلح  Reasons and Benefits of Reconciliation    

عن أبي جعفر × قال: جاء رجل من أصحاب الحسن × يقال له: سفيان بن ليلى, وهو على راحلة له, فدخل على الحسن وهو محتب في فناء داره, فقال له: السلام عليك يا مذل المؤمنين, فقال له الحسن ×: انزل ولا تعجل, فنزل فعقل راحلته في الدار, وأقبل يمشي حتى انتهى إليه, قال: فقال له الحسن ×: ما قلت؟ قال: قلت: السلام عليك يا مذل المؤمنين, قال ×: وما علمك بذلك؟ قال: عمدت إلى أمر الأمة, فخلعته من عنقك وقلدته هذا الطاغية يحكم بغير ما أنزل الله, قال: فقال له الحسن ×: سأخبرك لم فعلت ذلك, قال ×: سمعت أبي × يقول: قال رسول الله |: لن تذهب الأيام والليالي حتى يلي أمر هذه الأمة رجل واسع البلعوم, رحب الصدر, يأكل ولا يشبع, وهو معاوية, فلذلك فعلت. ما جاء بك؟ قال: حبك, قال: الله قال: الله, فقال الحسن ×: والله لا يحبنا عبد أبدا, ولو كان أسيرا في الديلم إلا نفعه حبنا, وإن حبنا ليساقط الذنوب من بني آدم كما يساقط الريح الورق من الشجر. [8]

Imam Abu Ja'far (Pbuh) : A man from Hasan’s companions, named Sufyan ibn Layla, came while riding a camel. He entered upon Hasan, who was sitting in the courtyard of his house, and greeted him saying, "Peace be upon you, O humbler of the believers." Hasan said to him, "Dismount and do not be hasty." So, he dismounted, tethered his camel in the courtyard, and approached Hasan on foot. Hasan then asked him, "What did you say?" The man replied, "I said, 'Peace be upon you, O humbler of the believers.'" Hasan asked, "And what made you say that?" He said, "You relinquished the authority of the ummah and entrusted it to this tyrant who rules by other than what Allah has revealed." Hasan replied, "I will tell you why I did that. I heard my father say: The Messenger of Allah said, 'The days and nights will not pass until a man with a wide throat, a broad chest, and who eats without being satisfied will take over the affairs of this ummah. He is Muawiya.' That is why I did what I did." Hasan then asked, "What brought you here?" The man replied, "My love for you." Hasan said, "Allah said, 'Allah.' Hasan then added, "By Allah, no servant loves us, even if he were a captive among the Daylam (a region in northern Iran), except that his love will benefit him. Our love causes sins to fall away from the children of Adam, just as the wind causes leaves to fall from the trees."

Al-Ekhtisas P.82

 

عن أبي سعيد عقيصا قال: لما صالح الحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب × معاوية بن أبي سفيان, دخل عليه الناس فلامه بعضهم على بيعته, فقال الحسن ×: ويحكم ما تدرون ما عملت والله الذي عملت خير لشيعتي, مما طلعت عليه الشمس أو غربت, ألا تعلمون أني إمامكم, ومفترض الطاعة عليكم, وأحد سيدي شباب أهل الجنة بنص من رسول الله | علي, قالوا: بلى, قال ×: أما علمتم أن الخضر لما خرق السفينة, وأقام الجدار, وقتل الغلام, كان ذلك سخطا لموسى بن عمران ×, إذ خفي عليه وجه الحكمة في ذلك, وكان ذلك عند الله تعالى ذكره حكمة وصوابا, أما علمتم أنه ما منا أحد إلا ويقع في عنقه بيعة لطاغية زمانه, إلا القائم # الذي يصلي خلفه روح الله عيسى ابن مريم ×, فإن الله عز وجل يخفي ولادته, ويغيب شخصه, لئلا يكون لأحد في عنقه بيعة إذا خرج, ذاك التاسع من ولد أخي الحسين ابن سيدة الإماء × يطيل الله عمره في غيبته, ثم يظهره بقدرته في صورة شاب ابن دون الأربعين سنة, ذلك ليعلم أن الله على كل شي‏ء قدير. [9]

From Abu Sa'id al-Aqsa: When Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (Pbuh) made peace with Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, some people came to him and reproached him for his agreement. Hasan said to them: "Woe to you! Do you not know what I have done? By Allah, what I have done is better for my followers than what the sun has ever shone upon or will ever shine upon. Do you not know that I am your Imam, whose obedience is obligatory upon you, and one of the leaders of the youth of Paradise by the testimony of the Messenger of Allah?" They said, "Yes." Hasan continued: "Do you not know that when Khidr (pbuh) damaged the ship, repaired the wall, and killed the boy, it was displeasing to Musa ibn Imran (pbuh) because he could not understand the wisdom behind it? Yet, with Allah, it was wisdom and correctness. Do you not know that none of us is free from a pledge of allegiance to the tyrant of his time, except for the one who will rise, behind whom the Spirit of Allah, Isa ibn Maryam (pbuh) will pray? Allah, the Almighty, hides his birth and obscures his identity so that no one will have a pledge of allegiance to him when he emerges. He is the ninth from my brother Husayn, and the so of the master of the women of the world. Allah will prolong his life in his occultation, and then manifest him by His power as a young man under forty years of age. This is so that it may be known that Allah is capable of everything."

Kifayat Al-Athar P.224

 

عن عبد الرحمن بن عبيد قال: لما بايع الحسن × معاوية أقبلت الشيعة تتلاقى بإظهار الأسف والحسرة على ترك القتال، فخرجوا إليه بعد سنتين من يوم بايع معاوية، فقال له سليمان بن صرد الخزاعي: ما ينقضي تعجبنا من بيعتك معاوية ومعك أربعون ألف مقاتل من أهل الكوفة كلهم يأخذ العطاء, وهم على أبواب منازلهم, ومعهم مثلهم من أبنائهم وأتباعهم سوى شيعتك من أهل البصرة والحجاز, ثم لم تأخذ لنفسك ثقة في العقد, ولا حظا من العطية, فلو كنت إذ فعلت ما فعلت أشهدت على معاوية وجوه أهل المشرق والمغرب, وكتبت عليه كتابا بأن الأمر لك بعده كان الأمر علينا أيسر, ولكنه أعطاك شيئا بينك وبينه لم يف به, ثم لم يلبث أن قال على رءوس الأشهاد إني كنت شرطت شروطا ووعدت عداة إرادة لإطفاء نار الحرب ومداراة لقطع الفتنة, فلما أن جمع الله لنا الكلم والألفة فإن ذلك تحت قدمي, والله ما عنى بذلك غيرك وما أراد إلا ما كان بينك وبينه, وقد نقض, فإذا شئت فأعد الحرب خدعة وائذن لي في تقدمك إلى الكوفة فأخرج عنها عامله وأظهر خلعه وتنبذ إليه على سواء, إن الله لا يحب الخائنين. وتكلم الباقون بمثل كلام سليمان.

فقال الحسن ×: أنتم شيعتنا وأهل مودتنا فلو كنت بالحزم في أمر الدنيا أعمل، لسلطانها أركض وأنصب، ما كان معاوية بأبأس مني بأساً ولا أشدّ شكيمة ولا أمضى عزيمة، ولكني أرى غير ما رأيتم، وما أردت بما فعلت إلاّ حقن الدماء فارضوا بقضاء الله وسلّموا لأمره، والزموا بيوتكم وأمسكوا - أو قال: كفـوا أيديكم - حتى يستريح بر, أو يستراح من فاجر. [10]

From Abdul Rahman ibn Ubaid: When Hasan (Pbuh) made the peace treaty with Muawiya, the Shia came together, expressing their regret and sorrow over the abandonment of fighting. After two years from the day Hasan pledged allegiance to Muawiya, they came to him. Sulayman ibn Sard al-Khuza'i said to him:

"We are continually amazed by your pledge of allegiance to Muawiya while you had forty thousand fighters from Kufa with you, all receiving stipends, and they were at the doors of their homes, with similar numbers of their sons and followers besides your supporters from Basra and Hijaz. Yet, you did not secure any trust in the agreement for yourself, nor did you gain any share of the stipend. If you had, when you did what you did, presented witnesses from the people of the East and the West, and written a document stating that the matter was to be yours after Muawiya, the situation would have been easier for us. Instead, he gave you something that was between you and him which he did not fulfill, and then he publicly declared that he had stipulated conditions and made promises only to extinguish the flames of war and manage the conflict. When Allah united our words and brought us together, it was under his feet, and Allah intended nothing but what was between you and him, which has been violated. If you wish, you can resume the war as a deception and allow me to advance to Kufa to remove its governor, declare his dismissal, and announce your position clearly. Indeed, Allah does not love the betrayers." The others spoke similarly to Sulayman.

Hasan replied: "You are our followers and supporters, but if I were to act with wisdom in worldly matters, pursuing the authority and striving for it, Muawiya would not be more formidable than me, nor more determined or resolute. However, I see things differently from what you see. What I intended by my actions was nothing but to preserve bloodshed. Be content with Allah’s decree and submit to His command. Stay in your homes and keep your hands off—until righteousness prevails, or the wicked are removed."

Tanzih Al-Anbiyaa P.171

 

عن أبي سعيد قال: قلت للحسن بن علي بن أبي طالب ×: يا ابن رسول الله لم داهنت معاوية وصالحته، وقد علمت أن الحق لك دونه وأن معاوية ضال باغ؟ فقال ×: يا أبا سعيد ألست حجة الله تعالى ذكره على خلقه وإماما عليهم بعد أبي ×؟ قلت: بلى, قال: ألست الذي قال رسول الله | لي ولأخي: الحسن والحسين إمامان قاما أو قعدا؟ قلت: بلى, قال: فأنا إذن إمام لو قمت, وأنا إمام إذ لو قعدت, يا أبا سعيد علة مصالحتي لمعاوية علة مصالحة رسول الله | لبني ضمرة وبني أشجع ولأهل مكة حين انصرف من الحديبية, أولئك كفار بالتنزيل ومعاوية وأصحابه كفار بالتأويل, يا أبا سعيد إذا كنت إماما من قبل الله تعالى ذكره لم يجب أن يسفه رأيي فيما أتيته من مهادنة أو محاربة, وإن كان وجه الحكمة فيما أتيته ملتبسا, ألا ترى الخضر × لما خرق السفينة وقتل الغلام وأقام الجدار سخط موسى × فعله لاشتباه وجه الحكمة عليه حتى أخبره فرضي, هكذا أنا سخطتم علي بجهلكم بوجه الحكمة فيه, ولولا ما أتيت لما ترك من شيعتنا على وجه الأرض أحد إلا قتل. [11]

Abu Sa'id said: I asked Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (pbuh): "O son of the Messenger of Allah, why did you compromise and make peace with Mu'awiya, even though you knew that the truth was on your side and that Mu'awiya was astray and rebellious?" He (pbuh) replied: "O Abu Sa'id, am I not the proof of Allah, over His creation and an Imam over them after my father (pbuh)?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Am I not the one about whom the Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) said to me and my brother: 'Hasan and Husayn are Imams whether they stand up or sit down'?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Then I am an Imam whether I rise or sit down. O Abu Sa'id, the reason for my peace treaty with Mu'awiya is the same as the reason the Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) made peace with the tribes of Banu Damra, Banu Ashja', and the people of Mecca when he returned from Hudaybiyyah. They were disbelievers in revelation, and Mu'awiya and his companions are disbelievers in interpretation. O Abu Sa'id, if I am an Imam appointed by Allah, it is not permissible for my decision to be criticized, whether it involves peace or war, even if the wisdom behind it is unclear. Do you not see that when al-Khidr (pbuh) made a hole in the ship, killed the boy, and repaired the wall, Moses (pbuh) disapproved of his actions because the wisdom behind them was unclear to him, until al-Khidr informed him and he was satisfied? Likewise, you disapproved of my actions because you were ignorant of the wisdom behind them. If it were not for what I did, not a single one of our followers would have been left alive on the face of the earth."

Ilal Al-Chara'a Vol.1, P.211

 

عن سالم بن أبي الجعد قال: حدثني رجل منا, قال: أتيت الحسن بن علي × فقلت: يا ابن رسول الله |, أذللت رقابنا, وجعلتنا معشر الشيعة عبيدا, ما بقي معك رجل, فقال ×: ومم ذاك؟ قال: قلت: بتسليمك الأمر لهذا الطاغية, قال ×: والله ما سلمت الأمر إليه, إلا أني لم أجد أنصارا, ولو وجدت أنصارا لقاتلته ليلي ونهاري, حتى يحكم الله بيني وبينه, ولكني عرفت أهل الكوفة, وبلوتهم ولا يصلح لي منهم ما كان فاسدا, إنهم لا وفاء لهم ولا ذمة في قول ولا فعل, إنهم لمختلفون ويقولون لنا إن قلوبهم معنا, وإن سيوفهم لمشهورة علينا, قال: وهو يكلمني, إذا تنخع الدم فدعا بطست فحمل من بين يديه ملئان مما خرج من جوفه من الدم, فقلت له: ما هذا يا ابن رسول الله؟ إني لأراك وجعا, قال ×: أجل دس إلي هذا الطاغية من سقاني سما, فقد وقع على كبدي فهو يخرج قطعا كما ترى, قلت: أفلا تتداوى؟ قال ×: قد سقاني مرتين وهذه الثالثة, لا أجد لها دواء ولقد رقي إلي أنه كتب إلى ملك الروم يسأله أن يوجه إليه من السم القتال شربة, فكتب إليه ملك الروم أنه لا يصلح لنا في ديننا أن نعين على قتال من لا يقاتلنا, فكتب إليه: أن هذا ابن الرجل الذي خرج بأرض تهامة, قد خرج يطلب ملك أبيه, وأنا أريد أن أدس إليه من يسقيه ذلك, فأريح العباد والبلاد منه, ووجه إليه بهدايا وألطاف, فوجه إليه ملك الروم بهذه الشربة التي دس بها, فسقيتها واشترط عليه في ذلك شروطا. [12]

Salim ibn Abi al-Ja'd said: A man from among us narrated to me that he went to Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) and said, "O son of the Messenger of Allah, you have humiliated us and made us, the Shia, slaves. No one remains with you." He (pbuh) asked, "And why is that?" The man replied, "Because you surrendered to this tyrant." He (pbuh) said, "By Allah, I did not surrender to him except that I found no supporters. Had I found supporters, I would have fought him day and night until Allah judged between me and him. But I knew the people of Kufa, I tested them, and found them unsuitable. They have no loyalty or honor in word or deed. They differ in opinion and say their hearts are with us, but their swords are drawn against us." While he was speaking to me, he coughed up blood. He called for a basin, which was filled with what came out of his insides. I asked him, "What is this, O son of the Messenger of Allah? You seem to be in pain." He (pbuh) replied, "Yes, this tyrant has poisoned me. It has affected my liver, and it is coming out in pieces, as you see." I asked, "Will you not seek treatment?" He (pbuh) said, "He poisoned me twice before, and this is the third time. There is no remedy for it. I have been informed that he wrote to the king of Rome, asking him to send a deadly poison. The king of Rome replied that it was not permissible in their religion to assist in killing someone who does not fight them. So, he (Mu'awiya) wrote to him that this is the son of the man who appeared in the land of Tihama, seeking his father's kingdom. I want to send someone to poison him, thus relieving the people and the land from him. He sent him gifts and favors, and the king of Rome sent him this potion with which he poisoned me. He agreed to certain conditions in this matter."

Al-Ehtijaj Vol.2, P.291

 

عن محمد بن مسلم، عن أبي جعفر × قال: والله للذي صنعه الحسن ابن علي × كان خيرا لهذه الأمة مما طلعت عليه الشمس والله لقد نزلت هذه الآية {ألم تر إلى الذين قيل لهم كفوا أيديكم وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة} إنما هي طاعة الامام, وطلبوا القتال, {فلما كتب عليهم القتال} مع الحسين × {قالوا ربنا لم كتبت علينا القتال لولا أخرتنا إلى أجل قريب} {نجب دعوتك ونتبع الرسل} أرادوا تأخير ذلك إلى القائم #. [13]

Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated from Abu Ja'far (pbuh), who said: "By Allah, what Hasan ibn Ali (pbuh) did was better for this Ummah than what the sun rises upon. By Allah, this verse was revealed: {Have you not seen those to whom it was said, 'Restrain your hands and establish prayer and give zakah'}. It refers to obedience to the Imam, and they sought fighting. {But when fighting was prescribed for them,} with Al-Hussein (Pbuh) {they said, 'Our Lord, why have You decreed fighting upon us? If only You had postponed it for us for a short time'}. {We would have answered Your call and followed the messengers}. They wanted to delay it until the advent of the Qa'im (the Mahdi)."

Al-Kafi Vol.8, P.330

 

عن سدير قال: قال أبو جعفر × ومعي ابني يا سدير: اذكر لنا أمرك الذي أنت عليه, فإن كان فيه إغراق كففناك عنه, وإن كان مقصرا أرشدناك, قال: فذهبت أن أتكلم, فقال أبو جعفر ×: أمسك حتى أكفيك, إن العلم الذي وضع رسول الله | عند علي ×, من عرفه كان مؤمنا, ومن جحده كان كافرا, ثم كان من بعده الحسن × قلت: كيف يكون بتلك المنزلة, وقد كان منه ما كان دفعها إلى معاوية؟ فقال ×: اسكت, فإنه أعلم بما صنع, لو لا ما صنع لكان أمر عظيم. [14]

Sadir said: Abu Ja'far (pbuh) said to me while I was with him and his son, "O Sadir, tell us about your beliefs and the position you hold. If you are excessive, we will restrain you, and if you fall short, we will guide you." So, I began to speak, but Abu Ja'far (pbuh) interrupted, "Hold on, let me suffice you. The knowledge that the Messenger of Allah (pbuhp) entrusted to Ali (pbuh) is such that whoever acknowledges it is a believer, and whoever denies it is a disbeliever. Then it was passed to Hasan (pbuh)." I said, "How can he hold such a status when he handed it over to Mu'awiya?" He (pbuh) replied, "Be silent, for he knew what he was doing. If it were not for what he did, a great calamity would have occurred."

Ilal Al-Chara'a Vol.1, P.210